Scientists are tapping the body’s immune system for potential new cancer treatments. In a study out this week in Science, researchers describe their experimental technique that used the tumor genome of three patients to build a cancer vaccine. They believe this approach could be used to create personalized treatments. Immunologist and lead author of the study, Beatriz Carreno, along with Nicholas Restifo of the National Cancer Institute, discuss what it would take to move these cancer vaccines from the lab to the clinic.