When you click the audio clip below, you’ll hear six cat meows. Listen carefully. What do you think these meows mean? What do you think the cats were trying to communicate?

These sounds are from a library of 440 cat meows collected for scientific research called CatMeows: A Publicly-Available Dataset of Cat Vocalizations. They are protected by Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International.

Are All Cat Meows Alike?

All of these meows are from the same cat, a female European shorthair from Italy. Two were from when she was left alone in an unfamiliar room for five minutes. Two were from when she was being brushed. And two were from when she was being fed. Listen to the clip again. Can you tell which meow goes with which action?

On the recording, the first two meows were brushing, the second two were feeding, and the last two were the cat when she was alone. If you didn’t match each one correctly, don’t feel bad. It turns out there is no universal cat language.

According to Jonathan Losos, a professor of evolutionary biology at Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri, cats do have different meows for different things, but it varies a lot by cat… and by the humans they live with.

“Although there is no universal language, cats and the people they live with kind of negotiate their own understanding… And so that ability of the cats to do that, to come up with this understanding, that is one of the features that evolved as cats were domesticated.” – Jonathan Losos

Do An Investigation On Animal Communication

Now it’s your turn to be a behavioral biologist and answer a question: How does your animal communicate with you?

1. Choose an animal to study. (Hint: It doesn’t have to be a cat!)
2. Observe how your animal communicates with you.
3. Investigate one variable at a time. For example, above, the scientists tested the cat’s meow—a behavior—as they reacted to different stimuli.
4. Record your animal’s communication with video, sound, pictures, or drawings.
5. Reflect on your observations. Try to match what your animal is doing to what they are communicating.

Ask yourself: How can you use this information to improve your life and your environment?

So Why Do Cats Meow?

It turns out cats’ meows are something cats do to interact with people. They learned to do this slowly, over time, as they evolved from African wildcats into the domesticated cats we know and love today. Every cat’s meow is a little different, adapted to create a personal language between a feline and its human.

So cats must meow to one another as well, right? Losos says they don’t! Cats that don’t live with humans—feral cats—don’t usually meow to one another to communicate. They’ll make other sounds, of course, like hisses or growls when they’re angry, but overall no meowing.

What do you think? Do you think Dr. Losos is right about all this?

Want to learn even more?

• Listen to the entire interview with Jonathan Losos, What Is Your Cat’s Meow Trying To Tell You?
• Read a book excerpt from Losos’s book, The Paradox Of The Modern Cat.
• Read The Cat’s Meow: How Cats Evolved from the Savanna to Your Sofa.

Credits
Lesson by Sandy Roberts
Copyediting by Ariel Zych
Digital Production by Sandy Roberts